An Power inverter (on-board power supply) is a convenient power converter that converts 12V DC power to 220V AC power (equivalent to AC power) for common household appliances. It is commonly used to convert DC power sources such as solar panels into AC power suitable for home or commercial use. Inverters have a wide range of applications, including home, commercial, and industrial.
An inverter operates by inputting DC power into a variable capacitor, converting the voltage across the capacitor via a variable inductor, and ultimately outputting AC power. The inverter automatically protects the battery using internal electronic circuitry.
Key features of an inverter:
1. Converts AC power to DC power.
2. Provides efficient energy conversion.
3. Provides stable voltage and frequency.
4. Provides high-quality power.
5. Provides energy-saving and environmentally friendly energy conversion.
Things to consider when selecting an inverter
1. Rated output voltage:
The rated output voltage of an inverter is one of its basic performance indicators. The inverter must be able to stably output the rated voltage within the specified input DC voltage fluctuation range. Special attention must be paid to the stability and accuracy of the output voltage. Voltage fluctuations during steady-state operation are typically limited to ±3% or ±5% of the rated value.
2. Output Voltage Unbalance
Under normal operating conditions, the three-phase voltage imbalance of the inverter output must be controlled within a specified percentage (usually 5% or 8%). Unbalance refers to the ratio of the negative-phase component to the positive-phase component of the inverter's three-phase output voltage. Lower imbalance indicates a more balanced output voltage. This is particularly important in three-phase power systems, as unbalanced voltage can reduce equipment efficiency or even damage it.
3. Output Voltage Waveform Distortion
If the inverter output voltage is a sinusoidal wave, the maximum allowable waveform distortion (or harmonic content) must be clearly specified. Typically, the output voltage waveform distortion must not exceed 5%. For single-phase output, this percentage can be reduced to 10%. Waveform distortion refers to the difference between the output voltage waveform and an ideal sine wave. Lower distortion indicates higher power quality, which is particularly important for the operation of sensitive equipment.
4. Rated Output Frequency
The inverter's output voltage frequency under AC power must be relatively stable, typically set at 50 Hz. Under normal operating conditions, the frequency deviation should be within ±1%. Frequency stability is critical to ensure proper operation of connected equipment and to avoid issues such as mechanical resonance.
5. Load Power Factor
The load power factor characterizes the inverter's load capacity and defines its ability to effectively drive inductive or capacitive loads. Under sinusoidal conditions, the load power factor typically ranges from 0.7 to 0.9 (lagging), with a nominal value of 0.9. A higher load power factor means the inverter can transfer power more efficiently and reduce energy losses.
Overview
An inverter (onboard power supply) is a power supply that converts 12 V DC to 220 V AC (equivalent to standard mains power). Inverters are widely used in a variety of applications, including residential, commercial, and industrial. When selecting an inverter, there are several important parameters and performance indicators to consider.
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